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新手问题 Rails ActiveRecord::PendingMigrationError 错误

736248591 · 2015年09月06日 · 最后由 davidleeqk 回复于 2016年07月09日 · 4757 次阅读

当我输入 rails s 访问 http://localhost:3000/ 时 出错误

ActiveRecord::PendingMigrationError 
Migrations are pending. To resolve this issue, run: bin/rake db:migrate RAILS_ENV=development 
Rails.root: C:/Users/zmk pc/blog
Application Trace | Framework Trace | Full Trace 
activerecord (4.2.3) lib/active_record/migration.rb:392:in `check_pending!'
activerecord (4.2.3) lib/active_record/migration.rb:373:in `call'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb:29:in `block in call'
activesupport (4.2.3) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:84:in `run_callbacks'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb:27:in `call'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/reloader.rb:73:in `call'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/remote_ip.rb:78:in `call'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/debug_exceptions.rb:17:in `call'
web-console (2.2.1) lib/web_console/middleware.rb:39:in `call'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/show_exceptions.rb:30:in `call'
railties (4.2.3) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:38:in `call_app'
railties (4.2.3) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:20:in `block in call'
activesupport (4.2.3) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:68:in `block in tagged'
activesupport (4.2.3) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:26:in `tagged'
activesupport (4.2.3) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:68:in `tagged'
railties (4.2.3) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:20:in `call'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/request_id.rb:21:in `call'
rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/methodoverride.rb:22:in `call'
rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/runtime.rb:18:in `call'
activesupport (4.2.3) lib/active_support/cache/strategy/local_cache_middleware.rb:28:in `call'
rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/lock.rb:17:in `call'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/static.rb:116:in `call'
rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/sendfile.rb:113:in `call'
railties (4.2.3) lib/rails/engine.rb:518:in `call'
railties (4.2.3) lib/rails/application.rb:165:in `call'
rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/lock.rb:17:in `call'
rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/content_length.rb:15:in `call'
rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/handler/webrick.rb:88:in `service'
D:/Ruby21-x64/lib/ruby/2.1.0/webrick/httpserver.rb:138:in `service'
D:/Ruby21-x64/lib/ruby/2.1.0/webrick/httpserver.rb:94:in `run'
D:/Ruby21-x64/lib/ruby/2.1.0/webrick/server.rb:295:in `block in start_thread'

按照提示，我停止 rails 输入 rake db:migrate RAILS_ENV=development 弹出错误

== 20150906003155 CreateArticles: migrating ===================================
-- create_table(:articles)
rake aborted!
StandardError: An error has occurred, all later migrations canceled:

Mysql2::Error: Table 'articles' already exists: CREATE TABLE `articles` (`id` in
t(11) auto_increment PRIMARY KEY, `content` text, `created_at` datetime NOT NULL
, `updated_at` datetime NOT NULL) ENGINE=InnoDBC:/Users/zmk pc/blog/db/migrate/2
0150906003155_create_articles.rb:3:in `change'
D:in `migrate'
ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid: Mysql2::Error: Table 'articles' already exists:
CREATE TABLE `articles` (`id` int(11) auto_increment PRIMARY KEY, `content` text
, `created_at` datetime NOT NULL, `updated_at` datetime NOT NULL) ENGINE=InnoDB
C:/Users/zmk pc/blog/db/migrate/20150906003155_create_articles.rb:3:in `change'
D:in `migrate'
Mysql2::Error: Table 'articles' already exists
C:/Users/zmk pc/blog/db/migrate/20150906003155_create_articles.rb:3:in `change'
D:in `migrate'
Tasks: TOP => db:migrate
(See full trace by running task with --trace)

\blog\db\migrate\20150906003155_create_articles.rb 的代码如下

class CreateArticles < ActiveRecord::Migration
  def change
    create_table :articles do |t|
      t.varchar :name
      t.varchar :title
      t.text :content

      t.timestamps null: false
    end
  end
end

以下是我整个 blog 文件夹的下载地址 http://pan.baidu.com/s/1bnqbXmR

求高手指点~！

736248591 #1 2015年09月06日

@Kabie 大神，求助！

kikyous #2 2015年09月06日

rake db:reset 注意这会清空你项目数据库然后重新建立

736248591 #3 2015年09月06日

#2 楼 @kikyous 我输入 rake db:reset 抛出错误

Database 'testblog' does not exist
testblog already exists
C:/Users/zmk pc/blog/db/schema.rb doesn't exist yet. Run `rake db:migrate` to c
eate it, then try again. If you do not intend to use a database, you should ins
ead alter C:/Users/zmk pc/blog/config/application.rb to limit the frameworks th
t will be loaded.

按照提示我输入 rake db:migrate

== 20150906003155 CreateArticles: migrating ===================================
-- create_table(:articles)
   -> 0.0052s
== 20150906003155 CreateArticles: migrated (0.0052s) ==========================

然后重试 rake db:reset

Database 'testblog' does not exist
testblog already exists
-- create_table("articles", {:force=>:cascade})
   -> 1.0321s
-- initialize_schema_migrations_table()
   -> 0.0360s
-- create_table("articles", {:force=>:cascade})
   -> 1.0441s
-- initialize_schema_migrations_table()
   -> 0.0040s

之后我用 rails s 然而还是抛出错误

ExecJS::ProgramError in Home#index
Showing C:/Users/zmk pc/blog/app/views/layouts/application.html.erb where line #6 raised:

TypeError: 对象不支持此属性或方法
Rails.root: C:/Users/zmk pc/blog

Application Trace | Framework Trace | Full Trace
execjs (2.5.2) lib/execjs/external_runtime.rb:39:in `exec'
execjs (2.5.2) lib/execjs/external_runtime.rb:21:in `eval'
execjs (2.5.2) lib/execjs/external_runtime.rb:46:in `call'
coffee-script (2.4.1) lib/coffee_script.rb:78:in `compile'
sprockets (3.2.0) lib/sprockets/coffee_script_processor.rb:21:in `block in call'
sprockets (3.2.0) lib/sprockets/cache.rb:85:in `fetch'
sprockets (3.2.0) lib/sprockets/coffee_script_processor.rb:20:in `call'
sprockets (3.2.0) lib/sprockets/processor_utils.rb:75:in `call_processor'
sprockets (3.2.0) lib/sprockets/processor_utils.rb:57:in `block in call_processors'
sprockets (3.2.0) lib/sprockets/processor_utils.rb:56:in `reverse_each'
sprockets (3.2.0) lib/sprockets/processor_utils.rb:56:in `call_processors'
sprockets (3.2.0) lib/sprockets/loader.rb:86:in `load_asset_by_uri'
sprockets (3.2.0) lib/sprockets/loader.rb:45:in `block in load'
sprockets (3.2.0) lib/sprockets/loader.rb:155:in `fetch_asset_from_dependency_cache'
sprockets (3.2.0) lib/sprockets/loader.rb:38:in `load'
sprockets (3.2.0) lib/sprockets/cached_environment.rb:20:in `block in initialize'
sprockets (3.2.0) lib/sprockets/cached_environment.rb:47:in `yield'
sprockets (3.2.0) lib/sprockets/cached_environment.rb:47:in `load'
sprockets (3.2.0) lib/sprockets/bundle.rb:23:in `block in call'
sprockets (3.2.0) lib/sprockets/utils.rb:183:in `dfs'
sprockets (3.2.0) lib/sprockets/bundle.rb:24:in `call'
sprockets (3.2.0) lib/sprockets/processor_utils.rb:75:in `call_processor'
sprockets (3.2.0) lib/sprockets/processor_utils.rb:57:in `block in call_processors'
sprockets (3.2.0) lib/sprockets/processor_utils.rb:56:in `reverse_each'
sprockets (3.2.0) lib/sprockets/processor_utils.rb:56:in `call_processors'
sprockets (3.2.0) lib/sprockets/loader.rb:86:in `load_asset_by_uri'
sprockets (3.2.0) lib/sprockets/loader.rb:45:in `block in load'
sprockets (3.2.0) lib/sprockets/loader.rb:155:in `fetch_asset_from_dependency_cache'
sprockets (3.2.0) lib/sprockets/loader.rb:38:in `load'
sprockets (3.2.0) lib/sprockets/cached_environment.rb:20:in `block in initialize'
sprockets (3.2.0) lib/sprockets/cached_environment.rb:47:in `yield'
sprockets (3.2.0) lib/sprockets/cached_environment.rb:47:in `load'
sprockets (3.2.0) lib/sprockets/base.rb:63:in `find_asset'
sprockets (3.2.0) lib/sprockets/environment.rb:30:in `find_asset'
sprockets (3.2.0) lib/sprockets/base.rb:89:in `[]'
sprockets-rails (2.3.2) lib/sprockets/rails/helper.rb:230:in `lookup_asset_for_path'
sprockets-rails (2.3.2) lib/sprockets/rails/helper.rb:190:in `check_errors_for'
sprockets-rails (2.3.2) lib/sprockets/rails/helper.rb:137:in `block in javascript_include_tag'
sprockets-rails (2.3.2) lib/sprockets/rails/helper.rb:136:in `map'
sprockets-rails (2.3.2) lib/sprockets/rails/helper.rb:136:in `javascript_include_tag'
app/views/layouts/application.html.erb:6:in `_app_views_layouts_application_html_erb__1871698029_64944040'
actionview (4.2.3) lib/action_view/template.rb:145:in `block in render'
activesupport (4.2.3) lib/active_support/notifications.rb:166:in `instrument'
actionview (4.2.3) lib/action_view/template.rb:333:in `instrument'
actionview (4.2.3) lib/action_view/template.rb:143:in `render'
actionview (4.2.3) lib/action_view/renderer/template_renderer.rb:66:in `render_with_layout'
actionview (4.2.3) lib/action_view/renderer/template_renderer.rb:52:in `render_template'
actionview (4.2.3) lib/action_view/renderer/template_renderer.rb:14:in `render'
actionview (4.2.3) lib/action_view/renderer/renderer.rb:42:in `render_template'
actionview (4.2.3) lib/action_view/renderer/renderer.rb:23:in `render'
actionview (4.2.3) lib/action_view/rendering.rb:100:in `_render_template'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_controller/metal/streaming.rb:217:in `_render_template'
actionview (4.2.3) lib/action_view/rendering.rb:83:in `render_to_body'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_controller/metal/rendering.rb:32:in `render_to_body'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_controller/metal/renderers.rb:37:in `render_to_body'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/abstract_controller/rendering.rb:25:in `render'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_controller/metal/rendering.rb:16:in `render'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:44:in `block (2 levels) in render'
activesupport (4.2.3) lib/active_support/core_ext/benchmark.rb:12:in `block in ms'
D:/Ruby21-x64/lib/ruby/2.1.0/benchmark.rb:294:in `realtime'
activesupport (4.2.3) lib/active_support/core_ext/benchmark.rb:12:in `ms'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:44:in `block in render'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:87:in `cleanup_view_runtime'
activerecord (4.2.3) lib/active_record/railties/controller_runtime.rb:25:in `cleanup_view_runtime'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:43:in `render'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_controller/metal/implicit_render.rb:10:in `default_render'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_controller/metal/implicit_render.rb:5:in `send_action'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/abstract_controller/base.rb:198:in `process_action'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_controller/metal/rendering.rb:10:in `process_action'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb:20:in `block in process_action'
activesupport (4.2.3) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:115:in `call'
activesupport (4.2.3) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:115:in `call'
activesupport (4.2.3) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:553:in `block (2 levels) in compile'
activesupport (4.2.3) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:503:in `call'
activesupport (4.2.3) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:503:in `call'
activesupport (4.2.3) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:88:in `run_callbacks'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb:19:in `process_action'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_controller/metal/rescue.rb:29:in `process_action'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:32:in `block in process_action'
activesupport (4.2.3) lib/active_support/notifications.rb:164:in `block in instrument'
activesupport (4.2.3) lib/active_support/notifications/instrumenter.rb:20:in `instrument'
activesupport (4.2.3) lib/active_support/notifications.rb:164:in `instrument'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:30:in `process_action'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_controller/metal/params_wrapper.rb:250:in `process_action'
activerecord (4.2.3) lib/active_record/railties/controller_runtime.rb:18:in `process_action'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/abstract_controller/base.rb:137:in `process'
actionview (4.2.3) lib/action_view/rendering.rb:30:in `process'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_controller/metal.rb:196:in `dispatch'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_controller/metal/rack_delegation.rb:13:in `dispatch'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_controller/metal.rb:237:in `block in action'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:76:in `call'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:76:in `dispatch'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:45:in `serve'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:43:in `block in serve'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:30:in `each'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:30:in `serve'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:821:in `call'
rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/etag.rb:24:in `call'
rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/conditionalget.rb:25:in `call'
rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/head.rb:13:in `call'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/params_parser.rb:27:in `call'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/flash.rb:260:in `call'
rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/session/abstract/id.rb:225:in `context'
rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/session/abstract/id.rb:220:in `call'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/cookies.rb:560:in `call'
activerecord (4.2.3) lib/active_record/query_cache.rb:36:in `call'
activerecord (4.2.3) lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:653:in `call'
activerecord (4.2.3) lib/active_record/migration.rb:377:in `call'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb:29:in `block in call'
activesupport (4.2.3) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:84:in `run_callbacks'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb:27:in `call'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/reloader.rb:73:in `call'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/remote_ip.rb:78:in `call'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/debug_exceptions.rb:17:in `call'
web-console (2.2.1) lib/web_console/middleware.rb:39:in `call'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/show_exceptions.rb:30:in `call'
railties (4.2.3) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:38:in `call_app'
railties (4.2.3) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:20:in `block in call'
activesupport (4.2.3) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:68:in `block in tagged'
activesupport (4.2.3) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:26:in `tagged'
activesupport (4.2.3) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:68:in `tagged'
railties (4.2.3) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:20:in `call'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/request_id.rb:21:in `call'
rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/methodoverride.rb:22:in `call'
rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/runtime.rb:18:in `call'
activesupport (4.2.3) lib/active_support/cache/strategy/local_cache_middleware.rb:28:in `call'
rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/lock.rb:17:in `call'
actionpack (4.2.3) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/static.rb:116:in `call'
rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/sendfile.rb:113:in `call'
railties (4.2.3) lib/rails/engine.rb:518:in `call'
railties (4.2.3) lib/rails/application.rb:165:in `call'
rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/lock.rb:17:in `call'
rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/content_length.rb:15:in `call'
rack (1.6.4) lib/rack/handler/webrick.rb:88:in `service'
D:/Ruby21-x64/lib/ruby/2.1.0/webrick/httpserver.rb:138:in `service'
D:/Ruby21-x64/lib/ruby/2.1.0/webrick/httpserver.rb:94:in `run'
D:/Ruby21-x64/lib/ruby/2.1.0/webrick/server.rb:295:in `block in start_thread'

\blog\app\views\layouts\application.html.erb 代码如下

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <title>Blog</title>
  <%= stylesheet_link_tag    'application', media: 'all', 'data-turbolinks-track' => true %>
  <%= javascript_include_tag 'application', 'data-turbolinks-track' => true %>
  <%= csrf_meta_tags %>
</head>
<body>

<%= yield %>

</body>
</html>
kikyous #4 2015年09月06日

#3 楼 @736248591 不推荐在 win 下做 rails 开发，感觉走不远的，会遇到各种问题，建议 linux 或 mac。 你现在的这个问题就是在 win 下才会遇到的。

把 Gemfile.lock 里的 coffee-script-source (1.9.1) 换成 coffee-script-source (1.8.0)，然后重新 bundle install

参考 https://ruby-china.org/topics/24343

736248591 #5 2015年09月06日

#4 楼 @kikyous 我发现我删掉这行代码就可以了

<%= javascript_include_tag 'application', 'data-turbolinks-track' => true %>

发现，之前我也删掉一行有关 JavaScript 的代码 好像用到 JavaScript 就会抛出错误，这个是为什么？

kikyous #6 2015年09月06日

#5 楼 @736248591 coffeescript 某个版本在 win 下有问题

736248591 #7 2015年09月06日

#6 楼 @kikyous 诶，这样啊。 非常感谢指点！

pynix #8 2015年09月06日

drop 再 create 吧。。。。

dudu_zzzz #9 2015年09月06日

这个问题我一开始在 windows 上也遇到过，真的不建议在 win 上玩 rails

shallmentmo #10 2015年09月06日

我是用 virtual box 虚拟个 ubuntu server 玩的，你也可以用 docker 玩，幸亏一开始不去踩 win 的坑

ericguo #11 2015年09月06日

别用 64 位版，装 node.js 运行时，Windows 下其实还行。

msg7086 #12 2015年09月06日

你可以在 Windows 下开发。但是最好别在 Windows 下运行。

liwei78 #13 2015年09月06日

首先，rake db:reset 并不是重新建数据库，文档上的解释：

The rake db:setup task will create the database, load the schema and initialize it with the seed data.

如果在开发的时候随手改写了 migration，reset 并不会使用最新的 schema，这时候需要重新的 db:drop db:create db:migrate。

在 win 上开发，建议用 Virtual box + vagrant，避免折腾开发环境，我公司开发组其他五个人都是用 win 开发 python，配合 vagrant 调试 rails。

kikyous #14 2015年09月06日

#13 楼 @liwei78 哥们，你眼花了😄

xisi #15 2015年09月06日

这里是两个问题吧 第一次是 migration 第二次是 资源引入

davidleeqk #16 2016年07月09日

#13 楼 @liwei78 我现在也是这个问题，请问具体怎么操作才能解决这个问题！

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