开源项目 My Experience Of Re-inventing Wheel Berry In Golang

fate · 2019年05月30日 · 最后由 zackteng 回复于 2019年05月30日 · 5575 次阅读

Source code in https://github.com/tnclong/berry/blob/master/STORY.md

0. Introduction

What is Berry?

Berry colorizing printed string on ANSI terminals

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "strings"

    "github.com/tnclong/berry"
)

func main() {
    colors := map[string][2]berry.R{
        "Red":     {berry.Red, berry.New(berry.BgRed)},
        "Green":   {berry.Green, berry.New(berry.BgGreen)},
        "Yellow":  {berry.Yellow, berry.New(berry.BgYellow)},
        "Blue":    {berry.Blue, berry.New(berry.BgBlue)},
        "Magenta": {berry.Magenta, berry.New(berry.BgMagenta)},
        "Cyan":    {berry.Cyan, berry.New(berry.BgCyan)},
        "White":   {berry.White, berry.New(berry.BgWhite)},
    }

    for n, c := range colors {
        fmt.Println(
            c[0].S(n),
            strings.Repeat(" ", 10-len(n)),
            c[1].S(strings.Repeat(" ", 20)),
            strings.Repeat(" ", 3),
            berry.New(
                berry.Italic, berry.Underline, berry.Bright,
            ).S(c[0].S(n)),
        )
    }
}

Copy above code block to a main.go file, then go run main.go. You will see colorful in your terminal! Examples

What is it implements?

// This implement reference to: // https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code#SGR_parameters // https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code#Colors

Where you can find it?

https://github.com/tnclong/berry

1. Re-inventing wheel is good.

Author not maintained his package. https://github.com/fatih/color

His blog said:

“It Doesn’t Have to Be Crazy at Work”, I decided to make a big change in my life.

Mysterious strings.

package main

import (
    "errors"
    "fmt"
)

func main() {
    color := "39"
    level := "error"
    err := errors.New("Wow! a red error message")
    switch level {
    case "crit":
        color = "35"
    case "error":
        color = "31"
    case "warn":
        color = "33"
    case "info":
        color = "32"
    }

    fmt.Printf("\x1b[%sm%v\x1b[0m\n", color, err)
}

2. First Step: Create a Github repertory[free].

Give a name to your baby.

I love ruby. I find a ruby project. rainbow 彩虹 So something colorful? See my desktop, strawberry(草莓)! Mmm... Only red and blue, Mmm... Berry(浆果)! Yeah!

You are Rainbow, I'm Berry. You in sky, I'm on land. You are more beautiful than me, I'm more delicious than you. You write in ruby, I'm in golang.

Choose a LICENSE

MIT

3. Initiate implement according to standard.

Mistaken

Divisive Dye, Effect and SGR.

func Dye(str string, d D, c ...uint8) string {}
func Effect(str string, e E) string {}
func SGR(str string, codes ...uint8) string {}

Divisive D and E.

type D uint8
type E uint8

Write test, document and examples.

// Dye wraps background color or foreground color arround the str.
//
// foreground color is a type D and start with Bg,
// background color is a type D and start with Bg.
//
// When d is FgRGB or BgRGB, a legal c is required.
//   if length of c is 1, we will treat as 8-bit(256-color),
//   if length of c is 3, we will treat as 24-bit(r,g,b),
//   other lengths of c are ignore silently
func Dye(str string, d D, c ...uint8) string {}
func TestEffect(t *testing.T) {}
func TestDye(t *testing.T) {}
func TestSGR(t *testing.T) {}
// examples/main.go
// README.md

Study from std library.

Nothing faster than table search! My table search

// small returns the string for an i with 0 <= i < nSmalls.
func small(i int) string {
    if i < 10 {
        return digits[i : i+1]
    }
    return smallsString[i*2 : i*2+2]
}

const nSmalls = 100

const smallsString = "00010203040506070809" +
    "10111213141516171819" +
    "20212223242526272829" +
    "30313233343536373839" +
    "40414243444546474849" +
    "50515253545556575859" +
    "60616263646566676869" +
    "70717273747576777879" +
    "80818283848586878889" +
    "90919293949596979899"

4. Write more test cases, examples and document.

## 9 commits
("d0d1e8cab5c4eac5ee041e941f9d36b45c66221f".."8773b0814a7529688c37ed66260e0b2fa0eaea2c")

Eat your strawberry.

Write test! Write example! write document. It is foot stone to redesign. It is a initial of your mind that you make some mistaken. You eat your strawberry. The strawberry is too sour to the taste.

An interesting example

See Introduction. Based from https://github.com/fatih/color#color--

All in `R`.

type R []uint8

6. User Friendly API.

Near to std library fmt.

https://github.com/tnclong/berry/commit/c870cd2f79c58652fa3c8bf8abf0a1cdaa56644f

func (r R) Fprintf(w io.Writer, format string, a ...interface{}) (n int, err error) {}
func (r R) Printf(format string, a ...interface{}) (n int, err error) {}
func (r R) Sprintf(format string, a ...interface{}) string {}
func (r R) Fprint(w io.Writer, a ...interface{}) (n int, err error) {}
func (r R) Print(a ...interface{}) (n int, err error) {}
func (r R) Sprint(a ...interface{}) string {}
func (r R) Fprintln(w io.Writer, a ...interface{}) (n int, err error) {}
func (r R) Println(a ...interface{}) (n int, err error) {}
func (r R) Sprintln(a ...interface{}) string {}

Add x11 color names.

package x11
// https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X11_color_names#Color_name_chart
var (
    Aqua              = prepare(0, 255, 255)
    Aquamarine        = prepare(127, 255, 212)
    MediumAquamarine  = prepare(102, 205, 170)
    Azure             = prepare(240, 255, 255)

    // Not show all
)

Add basic colors.

package berry

// convenient basic foreground colors, useful in many cases.
var (
    Black   = Prepare(R{FgBlack})
    Red     = Prepare(R{FgRed})
    Green   = Prepare(R{FgGreen})
    Yellow  = Prepare(R{FgYellow})
    Blue    = Prepare(R{FgBlue})
    Magenta = Prepare(R{FgMagenta})
    Cyan    = Prepare(R{FgCyan})
    White   = Prepare(R{FgWhite})
)

7. Performance(zero cost abstraction)

Add benchmarks

func BenchmarkS100(b *testing.B) {}
func BenchmarkS100WithoutP(b *testing.B) {}
func BenchmarkBestS100(b *testing.B) {}
// Not show more

High performance at first.

Add new method SS(). Default method S() has higher performance. https://github.com/tnclong/berry/commit/a37a2b1b48d32a3ebda29ec8b7d111596f5a5a44

BenchmarkS100-8                 20000000            79.3 ns/op       112 B/op          1 allocs/op
BenchmarkSS100-8                 3000000           466 ns/op         368 B/op          6 allocs/op

`bytes.HasPrefix()` has same performance.

https://github.com/tnclong/berry/commit/f0d4e5fc00dc988680ec3a87208a698614c86378

import (
    "bytes"
)

var sseq = []uint8{'\x1b', '['}

func join(codes []uint8) []uint8 {
    // if len(codes) > 3 &&
    //  codes[0] == '\x1b' && codes[1] == '[' &&
    //  codes[len(codes)-1] == 'm' {
    if bytes.HasPrefix(codes, sseq) {
    }
}

`const` `string` will reduce a alloc op when assign to `interface{}`

// var(
//  tseq    = "\x1b[0m"
// )

const (
    tseq = "\x1b[0m"
)

`type R []uint8` to `type R string`

Reduce string([]unit8{}) cost.

make R as string that fast 10+ ns/op

BenchmarkS1-8                   20000000            57.9 ns/op        16 B/op          1 allocs/op
BenchmarkS10-8                  20000000            61.7 ns/op        32 B/op          1 allocs/op
BenchmarkS50-8                  20000000            67.1 ns/op        64 B/op          1 allocs/op
BenchmarkS100-8                 20000000            79.3 ns/op       112 B/op          1 allocs/op
BenchmarkS500-8                 10000000           134 ns/op         512 B/op          1 allocs/op
BenchmarkS1000-8                10000000           195 ns/op        1024 B/op          1 allocs/op
BenchmarkS10000-8                1000000          1023 ns/op       10240 B/op          1 allocs/op

BenchmarkS1-8                   300000000           49.0 ns/op        16 B/op          1 allocs/op
BenchmarkS10-8                  300000000           52.4 ns/op        32 B/op          1 allocs/op
BenchmarkS50-8                  300000000           58.2 ns/op        64 B/op          1 allocs/op
BenchmarkS100-8                 200000000           66.2 ns/op       112 B/op          1 allocs/op
BenchmarkS500-8                 100000000          119 ns/op         512 B/op          1 allocs/op
BenchmarkS1000-8                100000000          203 ns/op        1024 B/op          1 allocs/op
BenchmarkS10000-8               20000000          1039 ns/op       10240 B/op          1 allocs/op

`type R string` to

type R struct {
    r string

    // https://github.com/golang/go/issues/32305#issuecomment-497051905
    ir interface{}
}

Reduce string assign to interface{} cost. https://github.com/tnclong/berry/commit/1baeb14e9edbd2f08f32e25513599f0c580eef15

//  aa[0] = r
    aa[0] = r.ir

BenchmarkSprint100-8                     5000000           249 ns/op         176 B/op          3 allocs/op

BenchmarkSprint100-8            50000000           324 ns/op         192 B/op          4 allocs/op

New methods `RI()` and `R()` for you need higher performance

// R return a sequence of SGR parameters that able to append to str directly.
//   berry.Red.R() + "red" + berry.RRset.R() => "\x1b[31mred\x1b[0m"
//
// use this method when you need higher performance.
//
func (r R) R() string {
    return r.r
}

// RI is a interface{} that contains R() value.
// this method avoid a alloc op when use R as interface{} in golang.
//
// example:
//     fmt.Sprint(berry.Blue.RI(), "1", 2, berry.RRset.RI())
//
//     aa := make([]interface{}, 2)
//     aa[0] = berry.Yellow.RI()
//
// use this method when you need higher performance.
//
// you can see more detail in https://github.com/golang/go/issues/32305#issuecomment-497051905
func (r R) RI() interface{} {
    return r.ir
}

9. Summary.

We consider correctness, ease to use, performance when we build a new wheel. We have emphasis in different phase, but we must keep them in our mind. We use great tools to implement our goal. go language is our friend. go test is our friend. go cover is our friend. go doc is our friend. go benchmark is our friend.

10. THOUGHT

Zero-cost abstraction is impossible? Re-inventing wheel is awesome! forwarding!

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开源项目 My Experience Of Re-inventing Wheel Berry In Golang

开源项目 My Experience Of Re-inventing Wheel Berry In Golang

0. Introduction

What is Berry?

What is it implements?

Where you can find it?

1. Re-inventing wheel is good.

Author not maintained his package. https://github.com/fatih/color

Mysterious strings.

2. First Step: Create a Github repertory[free].

Give a name to your baby.

Choose a LICENSE

3. Initiate implement according to standard.

Mistaken

Write test, document and examples.

Study from std library.

4. Write more test cases, examples and document.

Eat your strawberry.

An interesting example

5. Refactor

All in R.

6. User Friendly API.

Near to std library fmt.

Add x11 color names.

Add basic colors.

7. Performance(zero cost abstraction)

Add benchmarks

High performance at first.

bytes.HasPrefix() has same performance.

const string will reduce a alloc op when assign to interface{}

type R []uint8 to type R string

type R string to

New methods RI() and R() for you need higher performance

8. Write a stroy share to you.

9. Summary.

10. THOUGHT

All in `R`.

`bytes.HasPrefix()` has same performance.

`const` `string` will reduce a alloc op when assign to `interface{}`

`type R []uint8` to `type R string`

`type R string` to

New methods `RI()` and `R()` for you need higher performance