joke1943 (chenx)

Rails 项目的加上 Spring 的一点问题

joke1943 — Tue, 27 Oct 2015 13:08:23 +0800

这几天研究一个 ROR 项目的 DEMO，从搭建环境到运行代码，遇到了许多问题，查资料，发帖，像是闯关，一步步到了现在。临近成功，在 rake 数据迁移时遇到了一个问题，卡在这里很长时候了。感谢大家对我帖子的回复！帮助了我许多！下面我再把我遇到的问题描述一下，现在这里感谢大家了！

问题：

仔细看了一下，才发现这个项目里有 Spring，一直以为 spring 都是 Java 的 framework 框架，看到 ruby 里也在使用。这里是 spring ruby 的 github(https://github.com/rails/spring) 这里是关于 spring rake 的部分的描述

rake

Runs a rake task. Rake tasks run in the development environment by default. You can change this on the fly by using the RAILS_ENV environment variable. The environment is also configurable with the Spring::Commands::Rake.environment_matchers hash. This has sensible defaults, but if you need to match a specific task to a specific environment, you'd do it like this:
Spring::Commands::Rake.environment_matchers["perf_test"] = "test"
Spring::Commands::Rake.environment_matchers[/^perf/]     = "test"

To change the environment when you run `rake` with no arguments

Spring::Commands::Rake.environment_matchers[:default] = "development"

然后根据描述，运行命令

`` rake db:migrate RAILS_ENV=production ``

报错了，内容如下：

/home/chenx/iceage-master/config/initializers/load_regions.rb:1:in read': No such file or directory @ rb_sysopen - config/regions.yml (Errno::ENOENT) from /home/chenx/iceage-master/config/initializers/load_regions.rb:1:in' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:268:in load' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:268:inblock in load' . . . . . . .

大概意思是说 ``load_regions.rb ``找不到文件``config/regions.yml  ``
打开 ``load_regions.rb ``内容如下：

REGIONS = HashWithIndifferentAccess.new(YAML.load(File.read('config/regions.yml')))

想了想，改为以下内容，把``config/regions.yml  ``的相对路径补全

REGIONS = HashWithIndifferentAccess.new(YAML.load(File.read('../config/regions.yml')))

又报错了：

/usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:492:in load_missing_constant': Circular dependency detected while autoloading constant AdminUser (RuntimeError) from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:184:inconst_missing' from /home/chenx/iceage-master/app/admin/admin_user.rb:1:in <top (required)>' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:457:inload' from /usr/local/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:457:in `block in load_file' . . . . . .

麻烦大家帮忙看一下这个什么问题？

关于 Rails 项目的一点问题

joke1943 — Mon, 26 Oct 2015 18:59:24 +0800

这几天一直在研究一个 ROR 项目的 DEMO，发现 ruby 真的是一门很优秀的语言，但是刚刚入手，不像 Java，php 网上的资料一搜一大片，基本上有问题了去 overstack 上搜，但是正经学习的资料很少。昨天发了一个贴子，被屏蔽了，可以是因为我发的帖子太简单了，十分抱歉。 windows 下安装失败，怎么也搭不起来 ROR 环境。所以放到了云主机上（CentOS），环境搭建 OK。一点点开始研究代码，但是项目跑不起来。很苦恼，查不到资料，所以在这里发帖求助，先在这里谢谢大家！

问题一：这里是这个项目的 database.yml 文件

# MySQL.  Versions 5.0+ are recommended.
#
# Install the MYSQL driver
#   gem install mysql2
#
# Ensure the MySQL gem is defined in your Gemfile
#   gem 'mysql2'
#
# And be sure to use new-style password hashing:
#   http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/old-client.html
#
default: &default
  adapter: mysql2
  pool: 5
  username: root
  password:
  socket: /tmp/mysql.sock
  # encoding: utf8
  encoding: utf8mb4
  collation: utf8mb4_unicode_ci

development:
  <<: *default
  database: iceage_development

# Warning: The database defined as "test" will be erased and
# re-generated from your development database when you run "rake".
# Do not set this db to the same as development or production.
test:
  <<: *default
  database: iceage_test

# As with config/secrets.yml, you never want to store sensitive information,
# like your database password, in your source code. If your source code is
# ever seen by anyone, they now have access to your database.
#
# Instead, provide the password as a unix environment variable when you boot
# the app. Read http://guides.rubyonrails.org/configuring.html#configuring-a-database
# for a full rundown on how to provide these environment variables in a
# production deployment.
#
# On Heroku and other platform providers, you may have a full connection URL
# available as an environment variable. For example:
#
#   DATABASE_URL="mysql2://myuser:mypass@localhost/somedatabase"
#
# You can use this database configuration with:
#
#   production:
#     url: <%= ENV['DATABASE_URL'] %>
#
production:
  <<: *default
  database: iceage_production
  host: <%= ENV['DATABASE_HOST'] %>
  username: <%= ENV['DATABASE_USERNAME'] %>
  password: <%= ENV['DATABASE_PASSWORD'] %>

这里面 &default 与 <<: *default 是什么语法，还有 <%= ENV['DATABASE_HOST'] %>是什么语法？这里我把

host: <%= ENV['DATABASE_HOST'] %>
username: <%= ENV['DATABASE_USERNAME'] %>
password: <%= ENV['DATABASE_PASSWORD'] %>

改为我自己的数据库。我运行 rake db:migrate RAILS_ENV=production

报错：

rake aborted!
YAML syntax error occurred while parsing /home/chenx/project-master/config/database.yml. Please note that YAML must be consistently indented using spaces. Tabs are not allowed. Error: (<unknown>): could not find expected ':' while scanning a simple key at line 55 column 3
/home/chenx/iceage-master/config/environment.rb:5:in `<top (required)>'
Psych::SyntaxError: (<unknown>): could not find expected ':' while scanning a simple key at line 55 column 3
/home/chenx/iceage-master/config/environment.rb:5:in `<top (required)>'

我该怎么配置一下着 database 呢？谢谢！

[已解决] 在 CentOS 上部署 Redmine 时，总是因为 mysql2 失败

joke1943 — Fri, 19 Dec 2014 11:10:23 +0800

这几天在正式环境上部署 Redmine，之前在自己的 Mac 上已经试着部署过一次。这次由于 CentOS 上部署，以前完全没有遇到过这个问题，实在头大，请教各位！先说下过程：先用 rvm 安装 ruby，成功。

$ ruby -v
ruby 2.1.4p265 (2014-10-27 revision 48166) [x86_64-linux]

然后 gem 安装 rails，成功

$ rails -v
Rails 4.1.8

然后下载 redmine-2.4.7，解压运行命令

$ ruby script/rails server webrick -e production

然后提示

Could not find gem 'mysql2 (~> 0.3.11) ruby' in the gems available on this machine. 
Run `bundle install` to install missing gems.

根据提示，打命令

gem install mysql2 -v '0.3.17'

报错，以下是错误信息：

Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing mysql2:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    /usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.4/bin/ruby -r ./siteconf20141219-14269-9ceayj.rb extconf.rb
checking for ruby/thread.h... yes
checking for rb_thread_call_without_gvl() in ruby/thread.h... yes
checking for rb_thread_blocking_region()... yes
checking for rb_wait_for_single_fd()... yes
checking for rb_hash_dup()... yes
checking for rb_intern3()... yes
checking for mysql_query() in -lmysqlclient... yes
checking for mysql.h... no
checking for mysql/mysql.h... yes
checking for errmsg.h... no
-----
errmsg.h is missing.  please check your installation of mysql and try again.
-----
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --without-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.4/bin/ruby
    --with-mysql-dir
    --without-mysql-dir
    --with-mysql-include
    --without-mysql-include=${mysql-dir}/include
    --with-mysql-lib
    --without-mysql-lib=${mysql-dir}/lib
    --with-mysql-config
    --without-mysql-config
    --with-mysql-dir
    --without-mysql-dir
    --with-mysql-include
    --without-mysql-include=${mysql-dir}/include
    --with-mysql-lib
    --without-mysql-lib=${mysql-dir}/lib
    --with-mysqlclientlib
    --without-mysqlclientlib

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.4/gems/mysql2-0.3.17 for inspection.
Results logged to /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.4/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.1.0/mysql2-0.3.17/gem_make.out

但是

$ find / -name errmsg.h
/usr/lib/errmsg.h 
/usr/include/mysql/errmsg.h

系统里已经安装好了 mysql 环境了求助！

2015-1-8 前段时间忙了忙其他项目，今天又重新捡起这个问题研究了一下。既然 adapter 用不了 mysql2，就只能用 mysql 了，但是又出了问题，大致意思是说从数据库中读出来编码有问题。按照这位大牛说的解决了： http://www.cnblogs.com/kting/archive/2011/09/15/2177530.html

把他的帖子 copy 过来，就算记录问题了。

感谢各位对我这个问题的回复！十分感谢！！！

以下转自网络，感谢作者

问题现象：

　　在.html.erb中显示mysql中的中文字符时会出现 

incompatible character encodings: UTF-8 and ASCII-8BIT 错误
问题可能原因：



mysql_adapater出来的数据是ASCII-8BIT
解决方法：



修改根目录下的\Ruby192\lib\ruby\gems\1.9.1\gems\activerecord-3.0.9\lib\active_record\connection_adapters中的
mysql_adapter.rb文件
 def select(sql, name = nil)
          @connection.query_with_result = true
          result = execute(sql, name)
          rows = []
          result.each_hash { |row| rows << row }
          result.free
          @connection.more_results && @connection.next_result    # invoking stored procedures with CLIENT_MULTI_RESULTS requires this to tidy up else connection will be dropped

      # add begin
      if @config[:encoding] && @config[:encoding]=="utf8"
            rows.each do |row|
              row.each do |key, value|
                if (value.class == String)
                  value.force_encoding("UTF-8")
                end
              end
            end
          end
      # add end
          rows
        end

关于自己编写 RedMine 插件过程中，遇到的问题

joke1943 — Mon, 24 Nov 2014 22:25:16 +0800

最近自己学了学 ruby on rails，已经根据 rails 指南的教材编写了一个简单的小程序，现在想把这个东西做成 redmine 的插件。但是提交表单的时间出了问题，苦恼了很久，网上也找不到相关的资料，求助！ 以下是路由的代码：

get 'notes', :to => 'notes#index'
get 'notes/new(.:format)', :to => 'notes#new'
post '/notes(.:format)', :to => 'notes#create'

这里是页面代码：

<%= form_for :note, url: notes_path do |f| %>
  <p>
    <%= f.label :姓名 %><br>
    <%= f.text_field :name %>
  </p>
<p>
    <%= f.label :部门 %><br>
    <%= f.text_field :department %>
  </p>
<p>
    <%= f.label :岗位 %><br>
    <%= f.text_field :position %>
  </p>
<p>
    <%= f.label :请假时间 %><br>
    <%= f.text_field :time %>
  </p>
 <p>
    <%= f.label :请假事由 %><br>
    <%= f.text_area :text %>
  </p>
  <p>
    <%= f.label :主管意见 %><br>
    <%= f.text_field :opinion %>
  </p> 
  <p>
    <%= f.submit:提交 %>
  </p>
<% end %>`

在最后提交表单的时候出了问题

这里是 controller 代码：

class NotesController < ApplicationController 
    def index
        @notes = Note.all
    end
    def new
    end
    def create
        @note = Note.new(note_params)
        @note.save
         redirect_to :action => 'index'
    end
    def show
        @note= Note.find(params[:id])
    end

    private
    def note_params
        params.require(:note).permit(:name,:department,:position,:time,:text,:opinion)
    end
end

最后是报错信息：

Started POST "/notes" for 127.0.0.1 at 2014-11-24 22:23:56 +0800
Processing by NotesController#create as HTML
  Parameters: {"utf8"=>"✓", "authenticity_token"=>"u8Q0hqZOgEce4iOX8/vWrR8tWM9qwes7ffisYnXE1vI=", "note"=>{"name"=>"", "department"=>"", "position"=>"", "time"=>"", "text"=>"", "opinion"=>""}, "commit"=>"提交"}
  Current user: anonymous
Completed 500 Internal Server Error in 71.9ms

TypeError (no implicit conversion of Symbol into String):
  activesupport (3.2.19) lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:251:in `require'
  activesupport (3.2.19) lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:251:in `block in require'
  activesupport (3.2.19) lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:236:in `load_dependency'
  activesupport (3.2.19) lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:251:in `require'
  plugins/notes/app/controllers/notes_controller.rb:18:in `note_params'
  plugins/notes/app/controllers/notes_controller.rb:8:in `create'
  actionpack (3.2.19) lib/action_controller/metal/implicit_render.rb:4:in `send_action'
  actionpack (3.2.19) lib/abstract_controller/base.rb:167:in `process_action'
  actionpack (3.2.19) lib/action_controller/metal/rendering.rb:10:in `process_action'
  actionpack (3.2.19) lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb:18:in `block in process_action'
  activesupport (3.2.19) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:480:in `_run__542389636927640692__process_action__3294544606366668215__callbacks'
  activesupport (3.2.19) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:405:in `__run_callback'
  activesupport (3.2.19) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:385:in `_run_process_action_callbacks'
  activesupport (3.2.19) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:81:in `run_callbacks'
  actionpack (3.2.19) lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb:17:in `process_action'
  actionpack (3.2.19) lib/action_controller/metal/rescue.rb:29:in `process_action'
  actionpack (3.2.19) lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:30:in `block in process_action'
  activesupport (3.2.19) lib/active_support/notifications.rb:123:in `block in instrument'
  activesupport (3.2.19) lib/active_support/notifications/instrumenter.rb:20:in `instrument'
  activesupport (3.2.19) lib/active_support/notifications.rb:123:in `instrument'
  actionpack (3.2.19) lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:29:in `process_action'
  actionpack (3.2.19) lib/action_controller/metal/params_wrapper.rb:207:in `process_action'
  activerecord (3.2.19) lib/active_record/railties/controller_runtime.rb:18:in `process_action'
  actionpack (3.2.19) lib/abstract_controller/base.rb:121:in `process'
  actionpack (3.2.19) lib/abstract_controller/rendering.rb:45:in `process'
  actionpack (3.2.19) lib/action_controller/metal.rb:203:in `dispatch'
  actionpack (3.2.19) lib/action_controller/metal/rack_delegation.rb:14:in `dispatch'
  actionpack (3.2.19) lib/action_controller/metal.rb:246:in `block in action'
  actionpack (3.2.19) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:73:in `call'
  actionpack (3.2.19) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:73:in `dispatch'
  actionpack (3.2.19) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:36:in `call'
  journey (1.0.4) lib/journey/router.rb:68:in `block in call'
  journey (1.0.4) lib/journey/router.rb:56:in `each'
  journey (1.0.4) lib/journey/router.rb:56:in `call'
  actionpack (3.2.19) lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:608:in `call'
  rack-openid (1.4.2) lib/rack/openid.rb:98:in `call'
  request_store (1.0.5) lib/request_store/middleware.rb:9:in `call'
  actionpack (3.2.19) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/best_standards_support.rb:17:in `call'
  rack (1.4.5) lib/rack/etag.rb:23:in `call'
  rack (1.4.5) lib/rack/conditionalget.rb:35:in `call'
  actionpack (3.2.19) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/head.rb:14:in `call'
  actionpack (3.2.19) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/params_parser.rb:21:in `call'
  actionpack (3.2.19) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/flash.rb:242:in `call'
  rack (1.4.5) lib/rack/session/abstract/id.rb:210:in `context'
  rack (1.4.5) lib/rack/session/abstract/id.rb:205:in `call'
  actionpack (3.2.19) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/cookies.rb:341:in `call'
  activerecord (3.2.19) lib/active_record/query_cache.rb:64:in `call'
  activerecord (3.2.19) lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:479:in `call'
  actionpack (3.2.19) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb:28:in `block in call'
  activesupport (3.2.19) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:405:in `_run__2302799743034094018__call__3164167435205094136__callbacks'
  activesupport (3.2.19) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:405:in `__run_callback'
  activesupport (3.2.19) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:385:in `_run_call_callbacks'
  activesupport (3.2.19) lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:81:in `run_callbacks'
  actionpack (3.2.19) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb:27:in `call'
  actionpack (3.2.19) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/remote_ip.rb:31:in `call'
  actionpack (3.2.19) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/debug_exceptions.rb:16:in `call'
  actionpack (3.2.19) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/show_exceptions.rb:56:in `call'
  railties (3.2.19) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:32:in `call_app'
  railties (3.2.19) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:16:in `block in call'
  activesupport (3.2.19) lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:22:in `tagged'
  railties (3.2.19) lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:16:in `call'
  actionpack (3.2.19) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/request_id.rb:22:in `call'
  rack (1.4.5) lib/rack/methodoverride.rb:21:in `call'
  rack (1.4.5) lib/rack/runtime.rb:17:in `call'
  activesupport (3.2.19) lib/active_support/cache/strategy/local_cache.rb:72:in `call'
  rack (1.4.5) lib/rack/lock.rb:15:in `call'
  actionpack (3.2.19) lib/action_dispatch/middleware/static.rb:63:in `call'
  rack-cache (1.2) lib/rack/cache/context.rb:136:in `forward'
  rack-cache (1.2) lib/rack/cache/context.rb:143:in `pass'
  rack-cache (1.2) lib/rack/cache/context.rb:155:in `invalidate'
  rack-cache (1.2) lib/rack/cache/context.rb:71:in `call!'
  rack-cache (1.2) lib/rack/cache/context.rb:51:in `call'
  railties (3.2.19) lib/rails/engine.rb:484:in `call'
  railties (3.2.19) lib/rails/application.rb:231:in `call'
  rack (1.4.5) lib/rack/content_length.rb:14:in `call'
  railties (3.2.19) lib/rails/rack/log_tailer.rb:17:in `call'
  rack (1.4.5) lib/rack/handler/webrick.rb:59:in `service'
  /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.1.4/lib/ruby/2.1.0/webrick/httpserver.rb:138:in `service'
  /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.1.4/lib/ruby/2.1.0/webrick/httpserver.rb:94:in `run'
  /usr/local/Cellar/ruby/2.1.4/lib/ruby/2.1.0/webrick/server.rb:295:in `block in start_thread'

求助！为什么提交表单的时候出出这样的错误呢？

求助！一个很基础的关于 link_to 的问题

joke1943 — Tue, 11 Nov 2014 11:16:07 +0800

今天根据“rails 入门指南”这个网站上的“Rails 入门”篇自己改写了一个，只是换了个名字而已，文件夹 blog 改为 attendance，article 改为 note，articles 改为 notes，其他跟教程完全一样，但是到增加链接的地方出了问题，已经搞了半天，求助！以下是部分源码

首先是路由： chenxindeMacBook-Air:attendance chenxin$ bin/rake routes Prefix Verb URI Pattern Controller#Action notes GET /notes(.:format) notes#index POST /notes(.:format) notes#create new_note GET /notes/new(.:format) notes#new edit_note GET /notes/:id/edit(.:format) notes#edit note GET /notes/:id(.:format) notes#show PATCH /notes/:id(.:format) notes#update PUT /notes/:id(.:format) notes#update DELETE /notes/:id(.:format) notes#destroy

这是控制器： class NotesController < ApplicationController def index @notes = Note.all end def new end def create @note = Note.new(note_params)

@note.save redirect_to @note end def show @note= Note.find(params[:id]) end

private def note_params params.require(:note).permit(:name,:department,:position,:time, :text,:opinion) end end

这里是页面部分：

请假记录

<%= link_to 'New note’, new_notes_path %>

<% @notes.each do |note| %> <% end %>

请假人	时间
<%= note.name %>	<%= note.time %>	<%= link_to 'Show', note_path(note) %>

错误信息：