https://ruby-china.org/doraemon0711 en-us <p>举个例子 以下是个父类</p> <pre class="highlight ruby"><code><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">Base</span> <span class="nb">attr_accessor</span> <span class="ss">:flag</span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">exec</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="no">NotImplementedError</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">end</span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">print_flag</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="si">#{</span><span class="nb">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">class</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2"> - </span><span class="si">#{</span><span class="n">flag</span><span class="si">}</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">);</span> <span class="k">end</span> <span class="k">end</span> </code></pre> <p>这时有个子类<code>BizA</code>继承了<code>Base</code>，并实现了<code>exec</code></p> <pre class="highlight ruby"><code><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">BizA</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="no">Base</span> <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">exec</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="nb">self</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nf">flag</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="kp">true</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="nb">self</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="k">end</span> <span class="k">end</span> </code></pre> <p>现在如果执行<code>BizA.new.exec.print_flag</code>，会输出<code>BizA - true</code> 上面是前提</p> <p>我的问题是，如果有领个子类<code>BIzB</code>，能否在<code>BizB</code>继承<code>Base</code>的情况下，拥有和 BizA 相同实现的<code>exec</code>方法</p> <pre class="highlight ruby"><code><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">BizB</span> <span class="o">&lt;</span> <span class="no">Base</span> <span class="c1"># 不去实现exec，而是复制BizA的exec到当前class</span> <span class="k">end</span> </code></pre> <p>然后在执行<code>BizB.new.exec.print_flag</code>时，输出<code>BizB - true</code></p> <p>我知道的几种方式在这里列一下，但不是我想要的效果</p> <ol> <li>BizB 继承 BizA - 这种方式确实能正确输出想要的结果，但在我看来 BizB 和 BizA 实际上是同级的，只不过 BizB <em>委托</em> BizA 中的方法去进行处理，是在没有别的办法的话我会采取该方案</li> <li>使用 DelegateClass 委托 - 这样做不符合需求，因为在执行<code>BizB.new.exec.print_flag</code>时，必须要提供一个 BizA 的实例，而 exec 内部获取 self 时获取到的也是 BizA 的实例，会出现问题</li> <li>将 exec 抽到 module 中使用 include 的方式 - 这样做有些偏离初衷了，并且改动加到，我当前的场景是在实现<code>Base</code>的基类，给用户继承使用，<code>Base</code>中还有很多其他的方法和属性，所以不考虑</li> </ol> doraemon0711 Wed, 22 Jan 2025 15:55:39 +0800 https://ruby-china.org/topics/44028 https://ruby-china.org/topics/44028 <p>用到了 a 和 b 两个 gem<br> a gem 依赖了 <a href="https://gems.ruby-china.com/gems/protobuf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" title="">protobuf</a><br> b gem 依赖了 <a href="https://gems.ruby-china.com/gems/google-protobuf" rel="nofollow" target="_blank" title="">google-protobuf</a><br> 现在启动程序会提示很多警告</p> <pre class="highlight shell"><code>/gems/google-protobuf-3.19.3-x86_64-darwin/lib/google/protobuf/descriptor_pb.rb:11: warning: already initialized constant Google::Protobuf::FileDescriptorSet /gems/protobuf-3.10.5/lib/protobuf/descriptors/google/protobuf/descriptor.pb.rb:15: warning: previous definition of FileDescriptorSet was here /gems/google-protobuf-3.19.3-x86_64-darwin/lib/google/protobuf/descriptor_pb.rb:12: warning: already initialized constant Google::Protobuf::FileDescriptorProto /gems/protobuf-3.10.5/lib/protobuf/descriptors/google/protobuf/descriptor.pb.rb:16: warning: previous definition of FileDescriptorProto was here /gems/google-protobuf-3.19.3-x86_64-darwin/lib/google/protobuf/descriptor_pb.rb:13: warning: already initialized constant Google::Protobuf::DescriptorProto /gems/protobuf-3.10.5/lib/protobuf/descriptors/google/protobuf/descriptor.pb.rb:17: warning: previous definition of DescriptorProto was here /gems/google-protobuf-3.19.3-x86_64-darwin/lib/google/protobuf/descriptor_pb.rb:16: warning: already initialized constant Google::Protobuf::ExtensionRangeOptions /gems/protobuf-3.10.5/lib/protobuf/descriptors/google/protobuf/descriptor.pb.rb:23: warning: previous definition of ExtensionRangeOptions was here /gems/google-protobuf-3.19.3-x86_64-darwin/lib/google/protobuf/descriptor_pb.rb:17: warning: already initialized constant Google::Protobuf::FieldDescriptorProto /gems/protobuf-3.10.5/lib/protobuf/descriptors/google/protobuf/descriptor.pb.rb:24: warning: previous definition of FieldDescriptorProto was here /gems/google-protobuf-3.19.3-x86_64-darwin/lib/google/protobuf/descriptor_pb.rb:20: warning: already initialized constant Google::Protobuf::OneofDescriptorProto /gems/protobuf-3.10.5/lib/protobuf/descriptors/google/protobuf/descriptor.pb.rb:54: warning: previous definition of OneofDescriptorProto was here /gems/google-protobuf-3.19.3-x86_64-darwin/lib/google/protobuf/descriptor_pb.rb:21: warning: already initialized constant Google::Protobuf::EnumDescriptorProto /gems/protobuf-3.10.5/lib/protobuf/descriptors/google/protobuf/descriptor.pb.rb:55: warning: previous definition of EnumDescriptorProto was here /gems/google-protobuf-3.19.3-x86_64-darwin/lib/google/protobuf/descriptor_pb.rb:23: warning: already initialized constant Google::Protobuf::EnumValueDescriptorProto /gems/protobuf-3.10.5/lib/protobuf/descriptors/google/protobuf/descriptor.pb.rb:60: warning: previous definition of EnumValueDescriptorProto was here /gems/google-protobuf-3.19.3-x86_64-darwin/lib/google/protobuf/descriptor_pb.rb:24: warning: already initialized constant Google::Protobuf::ServiceDescriptorProto /gems/protobuf-3.10.5/lib/protobuf/descriptors/google/protobuf/descriptor.pb.rb:61: warning: previous definition of ServiceDescriptorProto was here /gems/google-protobuf-3.19.3-x86_64-darwin/lib/google/protobuf/descriptor_pb.rb:25: warning: already initialized constant Google::Protobuf::MethodDescriptorProto /gems/protobuf-3.10.5/lib/protobuf/descriptors/google/protobuf/descriptor.pb.rb:62: warning: previous definition of MethodDescriptorProto was here /gems/google-protobuf-3.19.3-x86_64-darwin/lib/google/protobuf/descriptor_pb.rb:26: warning: already initialized constant Google::Protobuf::FileOptions /gems/protobuf-3.10.5/lib/protobuf/descriptors/google/protobuf/descriptor.pb.rb:63: warning: previous definition of FileOptions was here /gems/google-protobuf-3.19.3-x86_64-darwin/lib/google/protobuf/descriptor_pb.rb:28: warning: already initialized constant Google::Protobuf::MessageOptions /gems/protobuf-3.10.5/lib/protobuf/descriptors/google/protobuf/descriptor.pb.rb:72: warning: previous definition of MessageOptions was here /gems/google-protobuf-3.19.3-x86_64-darwin/lib/google/protobuf/descriptor_pb.rb:29: warning: already initialized constant Google::Protobuf::FieldOptions /gems/protobuf-3.10.5/lib/protobuf/descriptors/google/protobuf/descriptor.pb.rb:73: warning: previous definition of FieldOptions was here /gems/google-protobuf-3.19.3-x86_64-darwin/lib/google/protobuf/descriptor_pb.rb:32: warning: already initialized constant Google::Protobuf::OneofOptions /gems/protobuf-3.10.5/lib/protobuf/descriptors/google/protobuf/descriptor.pb.rb:88: warning: previous definition of OneofOptions was here /gems/google-protobuf-3.19.3-x86_64-darwin/lib/google/protobuf/descriptor_pb.rb:33: warning: already initialized constant Google::Protobuf::EnumOptions /gems/protobuf-3.10.5/lib/protobuf/descriptors/google/protobuf/descriptor.pb.rb:89: warning: previous definition of EnumOptions was here /gems/google-protobuf-3.19.3-x86_64-darwin/lib/google/protobuf/descriptor_pb.rb:34: warning: already initialized constant Google::Protobuf::EnumValueOptions /gems/protobuf-3.10.5/lib/protobuf/descriptors/google/protobuf/descriptor.pb.rb:90: warning: previous definition of EnumValueOptions was here /gems/google-protobuf-3.19.3-x86_64-darwin/lib/google/protobuf/descriptor_pb.rb:35: warning: already initialized constant Google::Protobuf::ServiceOptions /gems/protobuf-3.10.5/lib/protobuf/descriptors/google/protobuf/descriptor.pb.rb:91: warning: previous definition of ServiceOptions was here /gems/google-protobuf-3.19.3-x86_64-darwin/lib/google/protobuf/descriptor_pb.rb:36: warning: already initialized constant Google::Protobuf::MethodOptions /gems/protobuf-3.10.5/lib/protobuf/descriptors/google/protobuf/descriptor.pb.rb:92: warning: previous definition of MethodOptions was here /gems/google-protobuf-3.19.3-x86_64-darwin/lib/google/protobuf/descriptor_pb.rb:38: warning: already initialized constant Google::Protobuf::UninterpretedOption /gems/protobuf-3.10.5/lib/protobuf/descriptors/google/protobuf/descriptor.pb.rb:101: warning: previous definition of UninterpretedOption was here /gems/google-protobuf-3.19.3-x86_64-darwin/lib/google/protobuf/descriptor_pb.rb:40: warning: already initialized constant Google::Protobuf::SourceCodeInfo /gems/protobuf-3.10.5/lib/protobuf/descriptors/google/protobuf/descriptor.pb.rb:106: warning: previous definition of SourceCodeInfo was here /gems/google-protobuf-3.19.3-x86_64-darwin/lib/google/protobuf/descriptor_pb.rb:42: warning: already initialized constant Google::Protobuf::GeneratedCodeInfo /gems/protobuf-3.10.5/lib/protobuf/descriptors/google/protobuf/descriptor.pb.rb:111: warning: previous definition of GeneratedCodeInfo was here </code></pre> <p>不知道是不是因为这个原因 spring 经常卡住 - -</p> doraemon0711 Thu, 31 Mar 2022 22:36:50 +0800 https://ruby-china.org/topics/42273 https://ruby-china.org/topics/42273