dccmmtop (DC)

Passenger + Nginx + Capistrano 部署

dccmmtop — Fri, 20 Jul 2018 10:40:27 +0800

部署 Rails

添加新用户

在服务器添加一个新的用户，用户名为 deploy教程

执行命令adduser
按提示输入密码
设置一些个人信息，可以直接按 enter 键，设为空

添加权限

在 root 用户下，打开/etc/sudoers文件

#
# This file MUST be edited with the 'visudo' command as root.
#
# Please consider adding local content in /etc/sudoers.d/ instead of
# directly modifying this file.
#
# See the man page for details on how to write a sudoers file.
#
Defaults        env_reset
Defaults        mail_badpass
Defaults        secure_path="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/bin"

# Host alias specification

# User alias specification

# Cmnd alias specification

# User privilege specification
root    ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL
deploy  ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL # 添加这一行，使deploy具有使用sudo的权限

# Members of the admin group may gain root privileges
%admin ALL=(ALL) ALL

# Allow members of group sudo to execute any command
%sudo   ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL

# See sudoers(5) for more information on "#include" directives:

#includedir /etc/sudoers.d

ruby 安装

安装rbenv 教程来源 sudo deploy回到 deploy 下

git clone https://github.com/rbenv/rbenv.git ~/.rbenv
# 用来编译安装 ruby
git clone https://github.com/rbenv/ruby-build.git ~/.rbenv/plugins/ruby-build
# 用来管理 gemset, 可选, 因为有 bundler 也没什么必要
git clone git://github.com/jamis/rbenv-gemset.git  ~/.rbenv/plugins/rbenv-gemset
# 通过 rbenv update 命令来更新 rbenv 以及所有插件, 推荐
git clone git://github.com/rkh/rbenv-update.git ~/.rbenv/plugins/rbenv-update
# 使用 Ruby China 的镜像安装 Ruby, 国内用户推荐
git clone git://github.com/AndorChen/rbenv-china-mirror.git ~/.rbenv/plugins/rbenv-china-mirror

然后把下面的代码放到 ~/.bashrc 里

export PATH="$HOME/.rbenv/bin:$PATH"
eval "$(rbenv init -)"

然后重开一个终端就可以执行 rbenv 了。

安装 ruby

rbenv install --list  # 列出所有 ruby 版本
rbenv install 2.5.0     # 安装 2.5.0

安转过程可能出现缺少依赖的错误，可参考这篇文章解决一般解决办法：

sudo apt-get install autoconf bison build-essential libssl-dev libyaml-dev libreadline6 libreadline6-dev zlib1g zlib1g-dev

验证安装是否成功

rbenv versions               # 列出安装的版本
rbenv version                # 列出正在使用的版本

设置版本

rbenv global 2.5.0      # 默认使用 2.5.0
rbenv shell 2.5.0       # 当前的 shell 使用 2.5.0, 会设置一个 `RBENV_VERSION` 环境变量
rbenv local jruby-1.7.3      # 当前目录使用 jruby-1.7.3, 会生成一个 `.rbenv-version` 文件

last

rbenv rehash                 # 每当切换 ruby 版本和执行 bundle install 之后必须执行这个命令
rbenv which irb              # 列出 irb 这个命令的完整路径
rbenv whence irb             # 列出包含 irb 这个命令的版本

安装bundle
```
gem install bundle
```
安装rails
```
gem install rails
```
安装 nodejs
```
sudo apt install nodejs
```

数据库

使用 postgresql 数据库教程来源

sudo apt-get install postgresql

新建数据库用户

sudo -i -u postgres  //切换到数据库的超级管理员
psql                 //进入数据库控制台
create user deploy with password 'xxxx'; //新建一个deploy用户，密码是xxx
alter role deploy with createdb; //使deploy用户具有创建数据库的权限
alter role deploy with login；//使deploy用户具有登录数据库的权限

注意：

在后面安装 pg gem 时，可能会出现You need to install postgresql-server-dev-X.Y for building a server-side extension or libpq-dev for building a client-side applic ation错误，依次执行：
```
sudo apt-get install python-psycopg2
sudo apt-get install libpq-dev
```

nginx passenger 安装

这里很详细了

sudo apt-get install -y dirmngr gnupg
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv-keys 561F9B9CAC40B2F7
sudo apt-get install -y apt-transport-https ca-certificates
sudo sh -c 'echo deb https://oss-binaries.phusionpassenger.com/apt/passenger xenial main > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/passenger.list'
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y nginx-extras passenger

passenger 的配置

nginx 安装以后，打开/etc/nginx/passenger.conf会看到

passenger_root /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/phusion_passenger/locations.ini;
passenger_ruby /home/deploy/.rbenv/shims/ruby; //这里需要修改ruby的安装路径

which ruby 可以查看 ruby 的路径

Capistrano 配置原文教程

安装必要的包

group :development do
gem 'capistrano'
gem 'capistrano-bundler'
gem 'capistrano-rails'
gem 'capistrano-rbenv'
# Add this if you're using rvm
# gem 'capistrano-rvm'
end

cap install

我的 capfile 文件

# Load DSL and set up stages
require "capistrano/setup"

# Include default deployment tasks
require "capistrano/deploy"

# Load the SCM plugin appropriate to your project:
#
# require "capistrano/scm/hg"
# install_plugin Capistrano::SCM::Hg
# or
# require "capistrano/scm/svn"
# install_plugin Capistrano::SCM::Svn
# or
require "capistrano/scm/git"
install_plugin Capistrano::SCM::Git

# Include tasks from other gems included in your Gemfile
#
# For documentation on these, see for example:
#
#   https://github.com/capistrano/rvm
#   https://github.com/capistrano/rbenv
#   https://github.com/capistrano/chruby
#   https://github.com/capistrano/bundler
#   https://github.com/capistrano/rails
#   https://github.com/capistrano/passenger
#
# require "capistrano/rvm"
require "capistrano/rbenv"
# require "capistrano/chruby"
require "capistrano/bundler"
require "capistrano/rails/assets"
require "capistrano/rails/migrations"
require "capistrano/passenger"
set :rbenv_type, :user
set :rbenv_ruby, '2.5.0'

# Load custom tasks from `lib/capistrano/tasks` if you have any defined
Dir.glob("lib/capistrano/tasks/*.rake").each { |r| import r }

我的 deploy.rb 文件

# config valid for current version and patch releases of Capistrano
lock "~> 3.10.2"

set :application, "script_blog"
set :repo_url, "https://github.com/dccmmtop/script_blog.git"
# Default branch is :master
# ask :branch, `git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD`.chomp

# Default deploy_to directory is /var/www/my_app_name
set :deploy_to, "/home/deploy/scrit_blog"

# Default value for :format is :airbrussh.
# set :format, :airbrussh

# You can configure the Airbrussh format using :format_options.
# These are the defaults.
# set :format_options, command_output: true, log_file: "log/capistrano.log", color: :auto, truncate: :auto

# Default value for :pty is false
# set :pty, true

# Default value for :linked_files is []
# 在服务器<project-name>/share/config/ 下，要手动新建这两个文件，
append :linked_files, "config/database.yml","config/secrets.yml" 

# Default value for linked_dirs is []
append :linked_dirs, "log", "tmp/pids", "tmp/cache", "tmp/sockets", "public/system"

# Default value for default_env is {}
# set :default_env, { path: "/opt/ruby/bin:$PATH" }

# Default value for local_user is ENV['USER']
# set :local_user, -> { `git config user.name`.chomp }

# Default value for keep_releases is 5
# set :keep_releases, 5

# Uncomment the following to require manually verifying the host key before first deploy.
# set :ssh_options, verify_host_key: :secure

注意append :linked_files, "config/database.yml","config/secrets.yml"

database.yml和secrets.yml是手动在，share/config/目录下新建的，一个是连接数据库的相关信息，一个是安全验证相关信息。我的部署目录是scriot_blog/ 就新建 script_blog/share/config/ 目录

同时新建以上两个文件。

database.yml

production:
adapter: postgresql
pool: <%= ENV.fetch("RAILS_MAX_THREADS") { 5 } %>
timeout: 5000
database: production_blog
username: 'xxx'
password: 'xxx'

secrets.yml

production:
secret_key_base: xxxxxx

其中secret_key_base的值是在本地项目下执行rake secret 命令生成的。

deploy/production.rb

# server-based syntax
# ======================
# Defines a single server with a list of roles and multiple properties.
# You can define all roles on a single server, or split them:

# server "39.108.138.149", user: "root", roles: %w{app db web}, my_property: :my_value
server "xxxx服务器的ip", user: "deploy", roles: %w{app db web}
# server "example.com", user: "deploy", roles: %w{app web}, other_property: :other_value
# server "db.example.com", user: "deploy", roles: %w{db}
# role-based syntax
# ==================

# Defines a role with one or multiple servers. The primary server in each
# group is considered to be the first unless any hosts have the primary
# property set. Specify the username and a domain or IP for the server.
# Don't use `:all`, it's a meta role.

# role :app, %w{deploy@example.com}, my_property: :my_value
# role :web, %w{user1@primary.com user2@additional.com}, other_property: :other_value
# role :db,  %w{deploy@example.com}

# Configuration
# =============
# You can set any configuration variable like in config/deploy.rb
# These variables are then only loaded and set in this stage.
# For available Capistrano configuration variables see the documentation page.
# http://capistranorb.com/documentation/getting-started/configuration/
# Feel free to add new variables to customise your setup.

# Custom SSH Options
# ==================
# You may pass any option but keep in mind that net/ssh understands a
# limited set of options, consult the Net::SSH documentation.
# http://net-ssh.github.io/net-ssh/classes/Net/SSH.html#method-c-start
#
# Global options
# --------------
set :ssh_options, {
keys: %w(/home/deploy/.ssh/id_rsa),
port: xxx
# forward_agent: false,
# auth_methods: %w(password)
}
#
# The server-based syntax can be used to override options:
# ------------------------------------
# server "example.com",
#   user: "user_name",
#     keys: %w(/home/user_name/.ssh/id_rsa),
#     forward_agent: false,
#     auth_methods: %w(publickey password)
#     # password: "please use keys"
#   }

最后

本地执行cap production deploy

欢迎指正

原文链接

websocket client，无法获取订阅信息

dccmmtop — Tue, 19 Jun 2018 15:17:49 +0800

WebSocket 请求的 URL 为：wss://api.fcoin.com/v2/ws

topic 订阅：depth.L20.xxx

使用 faye-websocket

参照文档：

require 'faye/websocket'
require 'eventmachine'

EM.run {
  ws = Faye::WebSocket::Client.new('wss://api.fcoin.com/v2/ws')

  ws.on :open do |event|
    p [:open]
    ws.send("depth.L100.btcusdt") # 没有用？？？
  end

  ws.on :message do |event|
    p [:message, event.data]
    p event
  end

  ws.on :close do |event|
    p [:close, event.code, event.reason]
    ws = nil
  end
}

可是结果只有服务器的欢迎信息，没有我想要获取额订阅信息。还请各位帮忙看看，是我的程序哪里不对吗？

Passenger + Nginx + Capistrano Could not find rake-12.3.1

dccmmtop — Thu, 24 May 2018 14:50:29 +0800

App 11000 output: Error: The application encountered the following error: Could not find rake-12.3.1 in any of the sources (Bundler::GemNotFound)
App 11000 output:     /var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/bundler-1.16.2/lib/bundler/spec_set.rb:91:in `block in materialize'
App 11000 output:     /var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/bundler-1.16.2/lib/bundler/spec_set.rb:85:in `map!'
App 11000 output:     /var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/bundler-1.16.2/lib/bundler/spec_set.rb:85:in `materialize'
App 11000 output:     /var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/bundler-1.16.2/lib/bundler/definition.rb:171:in `specs'
App 11000 output:     /var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/bundler-1.16.2/lib/bundler/definition.rb:238:in `specs_for'
App 11000 output:     /var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/bundler-1.16.2/lib/bundler/definition.rb:227:in `requested_specs'
App 11000 output:     /var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/bundler-1.16.2/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:108:in `block in definition_method'
App 11000 output:     /var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/bundler-1.16.2/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:20:in `setup'
App 11000 output:     /var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/bundler-1.16.2/lib/bundler.rb:107:in `setup'
App 11000 output:     /var/lib/gems/2.3.0/gems/bundler-1.16.2/lib/bundler/setup.rb:20:in `<top (required)>'
App 11000 output:     /usr/lib/ruby/2.3.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
App 11000 output:     /usr/lib/ruby/2.3.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
App 11000 output:     /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/phusion_passenger/loader_shared_helpers.rb:363:in `activate_gem'
App 11000 output:     /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/phusion_passenger/loader_shared_helpers.rb:221:in `block in run_load_path_setup_code'
App 11000 output:     /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/phusion_passenger/loader_shared_helpers.rb:527:in `running_bundler'
App 11000 output:     /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/phusion_passenger/loader_shared_helpers.rb:220:in `run_load_path_setup_code'
App 11000 output:     /usr/share/passenger/helper-scripts/rack-preloader.rb:91:in `preload_app'
App 11000 output:     /usr/share/passenger/helper-scripts/rack-preloader.rb:189:in `block in <module:App>'
App 11000 output:     /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/phusion_passenger/loader_shared_helpers.rb:380:in `run_block_and_record_step_progress'
App 11000 output:     /usr/share/passenger/helper-scripts/rack-preloader.rb:188:in `<module:App>'
App 11000 output:     /usr/share/passenger/helper-scripts/rack-preloader.rb:30:in `<module:PhusionPassenger>'
App 11000 output:     /usr/share/passenger/helper-scripts/rack-preloader.rb:29:in `<main>'
[ E 2018-05-24 01:27:11.0846 10979/Te age/Cor/App/Implementation.cpp:221 ]: Could not spawn process for application /home/deploy/letu_lab_web/current: The application encountered the following error: Could not find rake-12.3.1 in any of the sources (Bundler::GemNotFound)
  Error ID: 870feb42
  Error details saved to: /tmp/passenger-error-uaKtp7.html

总是说 Could not find rake-12.3.1，服务器配置如下： bundle version 1.16.2

gem version 2.7.3

ruby version 2.5.0

rails version 5.2.0

搞不清哪里有问题

新分支依赖于未合并的分支

dccmmtop — Mon, 21 May 2018 11:49:16 +0800

有个问题，我在 A 分支下建立了一个 topic 模型，现在我需要新建一个 B 分支，这个分支下的功能是基于 topic 模型的，问题是，在 A 分支还没有合并的情况下，我再从主分支新开 B 分支时，是没有 topic 模型的，这时该怎么办？

else if and elsif 问题

dccmmtop — Mon, 19 Mar 2018 14:36:15 +0800

下面是一段简单的 ruby 代码，为什么会出现语法错误。

def tt(n)
  if n == 1
    p 1 
  else if n == 2
    p  2
  elsif n== 3
    p 3 
  end 
end

如果在末尾添加一个end 程序正常。求解释！

更改配置文件后 (application.yml) 需重启电脑才能生效?

dccmmtop — Wed, 15 Nov 2017 09:35:31 +0800

以前修改过配置文件需要把终端全部关闭了，再重新打开。配置信息才会生效。
现在换了一台机器，发现得重启电脑，配置信息才能生效.(好麻烦...)
大家有没有遇到这个问题？有什么解决办法没？?

部署失败-- bundle: command not found

dccmmtop — Tue, 14 Nov 2017 11:29:45 +0800

下面是我的 deploy.rb

require 'mina/bundler'
require 'mina/rails'
require 'mina/git'
require 'mina/rvm'
require 'mina/puma'
require 'mina/logs'
set :domain, '********'
set :user, '****'
set :deploy_to, '/home/deploy/dc_forum/'
set :repository, 'https://github.com/dccmmtop/dc_forum.git'   
set :branch, 'master'
set :forward_agent, true
set :shared_dirs, ['log']
set :shared_files, ['config/database.yml', 'config/secrets.yml']
set :rvm_use_path, '/usr/local/rvm/scripts/rvm'
desc 'Set up environment.'
task :remote_environment do
  invoke :'rvm:use', 'ruby-2.3.3@rails5'
end
desc 'Prepare for deployment.'
task :setup do
  task :setup do
    ['log', 'config', 'public/upload', 'tmp/pids', 'tmp/sockets'].each do |dir|
      command %{mkdir -p "fetch(:deploy_to)/shared/#{dir}"}
      command %{chmod g+rx,u+rwx "fetch(:deploy_to)/shared/#{dir}"}
    end

    ['config/database.yml', 'config/secrets.yml', 'config/puma.rb'].each do |file|
      command %{touch "fetch(:deploy_to)/shared/#{file}"}
      comment %{Be sure to edit 'shared/#{file}'.}
    end
  end
end
desc 'Deploy current version to the server.'
task :deploy do
  deploy do
    invoke :'git:clone'
    invoke :'deploy:link_shared_paths'
    invoke :'bundle:install'
    invoke :'rails:db_migrate'
    invoke :'rails:assets_precompile'
    invoke :'deploy:cleanup'

    on :launch do
      invoke :'puma:start'
      invoke :'puma:phased_restart'
    end
  end
end

执行mina deploy有如下报错信息

大家帮忙看一下怎么解决

lib 下如何使用 rails 里面相关方法

dccmmtop — Tue, 12 Sep 2017 18:00:23 +0800

module CoinDealApi
  class Utils
     def get_object(platform) 
          Rails.logger.info "not found"
      end
  end
end

config/application.rb

require_relative 'boot'

require 'rails/all'

# Require the gems listed in Gemfile, including any gems
# you've limited to :test, :development, or :production.
Bundler.require(*Rails.groups)

module DomesticTrade
  class Application < Rails::Application
    # Settings in config/environments/* take precedence over those specified here.
    # Application configuration should go into files in config/initializers
    # -- all .rb files in that directory are automatically loaded.
    config.autoload_paths += [
      Rails.root.join('lib')
    ]
    config.eager_load_paths += [
      Rails.root.join('lib/coin_deal_api')
    ]
  end
end

报的错误:` get_object': uninitialized constant #Class:CoinDealApi::Utils::Rails (NameError),

这里应该怎么弄？?

使用 ElasticsSearch 出现 404 的问题

dccmmtop — Sun, 06 Aug 2017 15:47:15 +0800

def wechat_query(q)
      Rails.logger.info("========= #{q}")
      search_modules = [Topic]
      search_params = {
        query: {
          simple_query_string: {
            query: q,
            default_operator: 'OR',
            minimum_should_match: '60%',
            fields: %w(title body name tags)
          }
        },
        highlight: {
          pre_tags: ['[h]'],
          post_tags: ['[/h]'],
          fields: { title: {}, body: {}, name: {}, tags: {} }
        }
      }
      Elasticsearch::Model.search(search_params, search_modules)
    end

    def user_interest_query(query)
      items = []
      query.split(',').each do |q|
        qs = wechat_query(q).records
        items = items | qs
      end
      items
    end

当调用 user_interest_query(query) 出现出现的问题如下: Transport::Transport::Errors::NotFound: [404] {"error":{"root_cause":[{"type":"index_not_found_exception","reason":"no such index","resource.type":"index_or_alias","resource.id":"topics","index_uuid":"na","index":"topics"}],"type":"index_not_found_exception","reason":"no such index","resource.type":"index_or_alias","resource.id":"topics","index_uuid":"na","index":"topics"},"status":404}

关于如何组织 coffee 文件

dccmmtop — Wed, 02 Aug 2017 17:45:21 +0800

我想要在 view/wechat/nodes/下为某个页面使用 js，我在 assets/javascript/如何建 coffee 文件呢？

难道是 /assets/javascript/wechat/nodes.coffee 吗？?

如何写一个页面可以向 show 那样接受参数,路由中该怎么写?

dccmmtop — Thu, 27 Jul 2017 14:24:03 +0800

如何写一个页面可以向 show 那样接受参数，路由中该怎么写？

部分参数出现 Unpermit

dccmmtop — Thu, 27 Jul 2017 08:50:58 +0800

这是后台要更新数据的方法

def update
   @node=Node.find_by(id:params[:id])
  if  @node.update(node_params_update)
     redirect_to(wechat_node_path(@node), notice: '修改成功')
   else 
     redirect_to(wechat_node_path(@node), alert: @node.errors.full_messages)
   end
 end

 def node_params_update
   params.require(:node).permit(:access_level,:tag,:name,:section_id,:summary)
 end

 def node_params
   params.require(:node).permit(:name,:section_id,:summary)
 end

这是前台要更新数据的页面

<div class="panel panel-default">
  <div class="panel-body">
    <%= simple_form_for([:wechat,@node]) do |f|%>
    <%= f.input :name%>
    <%= f.input :section_id , :collection => Section.all.collect {|s| [ s.name, s.id ] } %>
    <%= f.input :access_level,:collection=>{"私密"=>0,"半公开"=>1,"公开"=>2}, as: :radio_buttons,label: '状态'%>
    <%= f.input :tag,label: '标签'%>
    <%= f.input :summary ,as: :text%>
    <br>
    <%= f.button :submit, "修 改",class: 'btn  form-control  btn-success '%>
    <br>
    <br>
    <%= link_to "取 消",circle_more_wechat_nodes_path,class: 'btn  form-control  btn-info '%>
    <br>
    <br>
    <% end %>
  </div>
</div>

在后台处理数据更新的那一块代码里面，用到是健壮参数，由于在昨天我写 create action 时，用到的 node_params 这个健壮参数中没有 tag 和 access_level 字段。但是今天写 create action 时，需要更新 tag 和 access_level .就很愚蠢的又写了个 node_params_update.让执行 update action 是去 node_params_update 去找参数。结果就是无论如何 tag 和 access_lev 这两个字段无法更新，后台也没有报错。

后来又仔细看了一遍后台运行的日志，找到了一句 Unpermit tag access_level ,很是奇怪，为什么这两个字段回事 Unpermit 的呢，(ˇˍˇ) name 等其他的数据仍然可以正常更新。我尝试着把 node_params 里面也加上这两个字段

def node_params
  params.require(:node).permit(:access_level,:tag,:name,:section_id,:summary)
end

再次刷新页面，果然可以正常更新了.(其实都用一个 node_params) 就可以了。

但是我不理解的是为什么在执行 update action 时，尽管我已经指定它使用的是 (node_params_update),还是会出现 Unpermit 的情况？?

请教一个关于 polymorphic 的问题

dccmmtop — Tue, 25 Jul 2017 09:43:24 +0800

图中的 as: 该如何理解呢？?

图片处理的一个问题

dccmmtop — Mon, 24 Jul 2017 19:53:57 +0800

大家可以解释一下上面函数是什么意思吗？?:md 什么的看不懂